Friday, 14 August 2020

Abstract for "Neurosemiotics across species" chapter

I have just composed this book chapter abstract.

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Neurosemiotics across species
By Morten Tønnessen
ABSTRACT

Behavioral neuroscience arguably comes with two contrasting pitfalls, which we can associate with anthropocentrism and anthropomorphism respectively. In the first instance, we neglect or misunderstand traits of non-human neurobiology because we mistakenly believe that such traits are uniquely human. In the second instance, we mistakenly attribute neurobiological traits found in humans to non-humans. To avoid both these pitfalls, we need to be clear on the actual characteristics of neurobiology across species. This will shed light on questions such as: How different are humans from non-humans in the context of neurosemiotics? What do we have in common with some other animals, and what is uniquely human? In this chapter, I build mainly on the neurosemiotics implicit in the Umwelt theory of Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944) and contemporary interpretations thereof. Uexküll´s pioneering thinking on neurosemiotics has influenced classical ethology as well as contemporary biosemiotics, code biology and cognitive semiotics, and shares some perspectives with cognitive ethology and comparative psychology. His neurosemiotic constructs include Merkzeichen and Wirkzeichen, Wirkwelt and Merkwelt, Umwelt and Innenwelt. The treatment will include a discussion about objecthood in perception and different organisms´ capacity for relating to objects. A distinction between proper subjects (i.e., organisms capable of having coherent experience) and quasi-subjects (i.e., organisms that have some sort of experience which is, however, disorganized or scattered) will be made. I also investigate the nature of the neural code(s) from the standpoints of biosemiotics and code biology, and provide an Uexküllian perspective on neural codes by framing neural codes in terms of Umwelt theory. In conclusion, the chapter further includes a biosemiotic perspective on certain methodological issues in neurobiology.

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